Pengaruh Diet Indeks Glikemik Rendah Terhadap Penurunan Berat Badan pada Obesitas: Meta-Analisis
Effect of Low Glycemic Index Diet on Weight Loss in Obesity: Meta-Analysis
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35473/jgk.v18i1.120Keywords:
Diet, Meta-Analisis, Obesitas, Penurunan Berat BadanAbstract
Diet plays a role in losing weight in obese people. One of the diets that are carried out by the community is a low glycemic index diet. Various recent studies have shown that there is a significant weight loss in the group that runs a low glycemic index diet but there are different results in the study of Raatz et al, (2005) which shows no benefit or effect of a low glycemic index diet on weight loss, especially in overcoming the problem of obesity in adults. For this reason, the problem to be examined in this study is about the effect of a low glycemic index diet on weight loss in obesity. In this study, the methodology used is meta-analysis. Research that was included in the meta-analysis was research published in the period January 2010 to April 2020. Research identification was systematically carried out using an online database, namely PubMed and PNRI e-resource. Manual research identification is carried out based on a list of references to systematically identified research. The systematic and manual identification process obtained 4 potential studies to be analyzed in a meta-analysis. The number of samples in the meta-analysis was 305 people. Meta analysis resulted in a mean difference value of 1.91 (95% CI: -0.38 - 4.20). It was concluded that the difference in weight loss between the low glycemic index diet group and the low-fat diet was 1.9 kg.
ABSTRAK
Diet berperan dalam menurunkan berat badan pada penderita obesitas. Salah satu diet yang dilakukan oleh masyarakat adalah diet indeks glikemik rendah. Berbagai penelitian terkini menunjukkan bahwa terdapat penurunan berat badan yang signifikan terhadap kelompok yang menjalankan diet indeks glikemik rendah tetapi terdapat hasil yang berbeda pada penelitian Raatz et al, (2005) yaitu menunjukkan tidak adanya manfaat atau pengaruh dari diet indeks glikemik rendah terhadap penurunan berat badan terutama dalam mengatasi masalah obesitas pada dewasa. Untuk itu, permasalahan yang akan dikaji dalam penelitian ini adalah tentang pengaruh diet indeks glikemik rendah terhadap penurunan berat badan pada obesitas. Dalam penelitian ini, metodologi yang digunakan adalah meta-analisis. Penelitian yang diikutsertakan dalam meta-analisis merupakan penelitian yang dipublikasikan pada rentang waktu Januari 2010 hingga April 2020. Identifikasi penelitian secara sistematis dilakukan dengan menggunakan database online yaitu PubMed dan e-resource PNRI. Identifikasi penelitian secara manual dilakukan berdasarkan daftar referensi pada penelitian yang teridentifikasi secara sistematis. Proses identifikasi secara sistematis dan manual mendapatkan 4 penelitian yang potensial untuk dianalisis dalam meta-analisis. Jumlah sampel pada meta-analisis sebanyak 305 orang. Meta-analisis menghasilkan nilai beda mean yaitu 1,91 (95% CI: -0,38 – 4,20). Disimpulkan bahwa selisih penurunan berat badan antara kelompok diet indeks glikemik rendah dengan diet rendah lemak yaitu 1,9 kg.
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