Gambaran Kejadian Hipertensi pada Remaja dengan Status Gizi Lebih di SMP Negeri 13 Kota Semarang
Overview of Hypertension Incidents in Adolescents with Overnutritional Status at State Middle School 13, Semarang City
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35473/jgk.v17i2.744Keywords:
Hipertensi, Obesitas, RemajaAbstract
Health problems that are currently a global concern that generally occur in developing and developed countries are overweight due to their relationship to complications of degenerative diseases, one of which is hypertension. Individuals with abnormal BMI and waist circumference are more likely to experience hypertension compared to those with normal BMI and waist circumference. As a predictor of hypertension in adulthood, blood pressure levels in adolescence are more reliable than in childhood. This study was conducted to determine the picture of blood pressure in adolescents with overweight status at SMP Negeri 13 Semarang City. This study was cross-sectional and conducted with a quantitative descriptive approach. The selection of respondents using the purposive sampling method and met the research inclusion criteria, and were willing to become respondents by filling out informed consent. A total of 34 respondents were measured for weight, height, waist circumference and blood pressure. In this study, the dominant respondents who experienced overweight were aged 12 to 14 years. The nutritional status of respondents according to the BMI/U z-score standard showed that they were included in the obesity category, which was 21 people and 17 people suffered from hypertension. Meanwhile, the results of measuring waist circumference revealed that 34 respondents were classified as obese and 30 people suffered from hypertension (88.23%), while 4 other people were included in the normal blood pressure category. The problem of excess nutrition in adolescents has an impact on increasing blood pressure (hypertension). A person who is obese based on the results of waist circumference measurements and/or based on the BMI/U z-score is more likely to experience hypertension.
ABSTRAK
Masalah kesehatan yang saat ini menjadi perhatian secara global yang umumnya terjadi di negara-negara berkembang dan negara maju adalah masalah gizi lebih karena kaitannya dengan komplikasi terhadap penyakit-penyakit degeratif, salah satunya adalah hipertensi. Individu dengan IMT dan lingkar pingggang yang tergolong abnormal lebih mungkin mengalami hipertensi dibandingkan dengan mereka yang memiliki IMT dan lingkar pinggang normal. Sebagai prediktor hipertensi dimasa dewasa, tingkat tekanan darah pada masa remaja lebih dapat diandalkan dibandingkan pada masa kanak-kanak. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui gambaran tekanan darah pada remaja dengan status gizi lebih di SMP Negeri 13 Kota Semarang. Penelitian ini bersifat cross-sectional dan dilakukan dengan pendekatan deskriptif kuantitatif. Pemilihan responden dengan metode purposive sampling dan memenuhi kriteria inklusi penelitian, serta bersedia menjadi responden dengan mengisisi informed consent. Sebanyak 34 orang responden dilakukan pengukuran berat badan, tinggi badan, lingkar pinggang serta tekanan darah. Pada penelitian ini, dominan responden yang mengalami gizi lebih, yaitu berusia 12 sampai 14 tahun. Status gizi responden menurut standar z-score IMT/U menunjukan termasuk dalam kategori obesitas, yaitu sebanyak 21 orang dan yang menderita hipertensi sebanyak 17 orang. Sedangkan hasil ukur lingkar pinggang diketahui sebanyak 34 orang responden tergolong dalam kategori obesitas dan yang menderita hipertensi sebanyak 30 orang (88,23%), sedangkan 4 orang lainnya termasuk dalam kategori tekanan darah normal. Masalah gizi lebih pada remaja berdampak meningkatnya tekanakan darah (hipertensi). Sesorang yang mengalami obesitas berdasarkan hasil pengukuran lingkar perut dan atau berdasarkan z-skore IMT/U lebih mungkin mengalami hipertensi.
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