Diet Ketogenik dan Dampaknya terhadap Mikrobiota Usus pada Kondisi Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2
The Ketogenic Diet and Its Impact on the Gut Microbiota in Diabetes Mellitus Type 2
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35473/jgk.v13i1.98Keywords:
Diet Ketogenik, Mikrobiota Usus, Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2Abstract
ABSTRACT
The incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) increase significantly. Lifestyle changes, including patterns and types of food, have an effect on the occurrence of T2DM. Changes in the composition and type of gut microbiota have a significant impact on the incidence of metabolic diseases, including T2DM. Ketogenic diet, which consist of high fat, moderate protein, and very low carbohydrates, is currently a common diet for weight-loose program in obese people, where obesity is a risk factor for T2DM. However, the use of this diet as management in T2DM subject is still a controversy. It is proven that ketogenic diet can alter the composition of Bacteriodetes to Firmicutes in T2DM subject and may improve the metabolic profile of this subject. The ketogenic diet can be recommended as a diet for T2DM subject with attention to the special conditions of the subject.
Abstrak
Angka kejadian diabetes mellitus tipe 2 (DMT2) meningkat secara signifikan. Perubahan gaya hidup termasuk pola dan jenis makanan berpengaruh terhadap terjadinya penyakit DMT2. Perubahan komposisi dan jenis mikrobiota usus berdampak signifikan terhadap kejadian penyakit metabolik, termasuk DMT2. Diet ketogenik dengan komposisi tinggi lemak, cukup protein, dan karbohidrat sangat rendah, saat ini menjadi tren diet yang banyak dipilih untuk menurunkan berat badan pada orang obesitas, dimana obesitas menjadi salah satu faktor risiko DMT2. Meskipun demikian, penggunaan diet ini sebagai manajemen diet pada individu dengan DMT2 masih menjadi kontroversi. Pemberian diet ketogenik pada individu dengan DMT2 mampu mengubah komposisi Bacteriodetes terhadap Firmicutes dan berdampak terhadap perbaikan profil metabolik. Diet ketogenik dapat direkomendasikan sebagai diet bagi individu dengan DMT2 dengan memperhatikan kondisi khusus.
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