Hubungan Obesitas Sentral dengan Kejadian Hipertensi pada Wanita Usia Produktif
The Relationship between Central Obesity and Hypertension among Woman of Productive Age
Abstract
Overweight or obesity occurs due to the imbalance between energy intake and expenditure. Several degenerative diseases such as hypertension and cardiovascular disease are associated with obesity. The development of these diseases does not only occur in the elderly but also in the productive age. This study aims to analyse the relationship between central obesity and the incidence of hypertension in women of productive age. Cross sectional design was used in this study involving 343 respondents selected through purposive sampling. The data were obtained by direct interview, anthropometric assessment, and blood pressure measurement. The data analysis used chi-square test to determine the relationship between variables. The result of the study showed that the total of 69.4% of respondents had an age range of 50-59 years. Most of respondents had an education level of elementary school (50.7%). There were 28.0% of respondents who had family history of hypertension. Most of respondents had central obesity status as assessed by waist circumference. The incidence of hypertension based on systolic and diastolic blood pressure was 33.5% and 32.7% respectively. There was a significant relationship between waist circumference and family history of hypertension with systolic and diastolic blood pressure (p-value <0.05). The conclusion of the study is that women with central obesity and family history of hypertension are at risk of having high blood pressure.
ABSTRAK
Ketidakseimbangan antara asupan dan pengeluaran energi adalah penyebab utama kelebihan berat badan dan obesitas. Beberapa penyakit degeneratif seperti hipertensi dan penyakit kardiovaskular memiliki kaitan dengan adanya obesitas pada seseorang. Perkembangan penyakit ini tidak hanya terjadi pada lansia saja tetapi juga pada usia produktif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan antara obesitas sentral dengan kejadian hipertensi pada wanita usia produktif. Desain Cross Sectional digunakan dalam penelitian ini dengan melibatkan sebanyak 343 responden yang dipilih melalui purposive sampling. Data didapatkan melalui wawancara secara langsung, penilaian antropometri, dan pengukuran tekanan darah. Analisis data menggunakan uji chi-square untuk mengetahui hubungan antar variabel. Sebanyak 69.4% responden memiliki rentang usia 50-59 tahun. Sebagian besar responden memiliki Tingkat Pendidikan setara SD (50.7%). Terdapat 28.0% responden yang memiliki riwayat penyakit hipertensi dari orang tua. Sebagian besar responden mengalami obesitas sentral yang dinilai melalui lingkar pinggang. Kejadian hipertensi pada responden berdasarkan tekanan darah sistolik dan diastolik adalah 33.5% dan 32.7%. Terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara lingkar pinggang dan riwayat hipertensi dengan tekanan darah sistolik dan diastolik (p-value < 0.05). Kesimpulan penelitian adalah wanita dengan obesitas sentral dan riwayat hipertensi dari orang tua berisiko memiliki tekanan darah yang tinggi.
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